目次
Contributors x Primer Corporate Sponsors xxii Preface to the Eighth Edition of the Primer: Clifford J. Rosen xxiii About ASBMR xxiv President's Preface: Lynda F. Bonewald xxv About the Companion Website xxvi Section I: Molecular, Cellular, and Genetic Determinants of Bone Structure and Formation 1 Section Editor Karen M. Lyons 1 Skeletal Morphogenesis and Embryonic Development 3 Yingzi Yang 2 Signal Transduction Cascades Controlling Osteoblast Differentiation 15 David J.J. de Gorter and Peter ten Dijke 3 Osteoclast Biology and Bone Resorption 25 F. Patrick Ross 4 Osteocytes 34 Lynda F. Bonewald 5 Connective Tissue Pathways That Regulate Growth Factors 42 Gerhard Sengle and Lynn Y. Sakai 6 The Composition of Bone 49 Adele L. Boskey and Pamela Gehron Robey 7 Assessment of Bone Mass and Microarchitecture in Rodents 59 Blaine A. Christiansen 8 Animal Models: Genetic Manipulation 69 Karen M. Lyons 9 Animal Models: Allelic Determinants for BMD 76 Robert D. Blank 10 Neuronal Regulation of Bone Remodeling 82 Florent Elefteriou and Gerard Karsenty 11 Skeletal Healing 90 Michael J. Zuscik 12 Biomechanics of Fracture Healing 99 Elise F. Morgan and Thomas A. Einhorn 13 Human Genome-Wide Association (GWA) Studies 106 Douglas P. Kiel 14 Circulating Osteogenic Cells 111 Robert J. Pignolo and Moustapha Kassem Section II: Skeletal Physiology 119 Section Editor Ego Seeman 15 Human Fetal and Neonatal Bone Development 121 Tao Yang, Monica Grover, Kyu Sang Joeng, and Brendan Lee 16 Skeletal Growth and Peak Bone Strength 127 Qingju Wang and Ego Seeman 17 Ethnic Differences in Bone Acquisition 135 Shane A. Norris, Lisa K. Micklesfi eld, and John M. Pettifor 18 Calcium and Other Nutrients During Growth 142 Tania Winzenberg and Graeme Jones 19 Growing a Healthy Skeleton: The Importance of Mechanical Loading 149 Mark R. Forwood 20 Pregnancy and Lactation 156 Christopher S. Kovacs and Henry M. Kronenberg 21 Menopause 165 Ian R. Reid Section III: Mineral Homeostasis 171 Section Editor Ego Seeman 22 Regulation of Calcium and Magnesium 173 Murray J. Favus and David Goltzman 23 Fetal Calcium Metabolism 180 Christopher S. Kovacs 24 Fibroblast Growth Factor-23 (FGF23) 188 Kenneth E. White and Michael J. Econs 25 Gonadal Steroids 195 Stavros C. Manolagas, Maria Almeida, and Robert L. Jilka 26 Parathyroid Hormone 208 Robert A. Nissenson and Harald Juppner 27 Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein 215 John J. Wysolmerski 28 Ca2+-Sensing Receptor 224 Edward M. Brown 29 Vitamin D: Production, Metabolism, Mechanism of Action, and Clinical Requirements 235 Daniel Bikle, John S. Adams, and Sylvia Christakos Section IV: Investigation of Metabolic Bone Diseases 249 Section Editor Douglas C. Bauer 30 DXA in Adults and Children 251 Glen Blake, Judith E. Adams, and Nick Bishop 31 Quantitative Computed Tomography in Children and Adults 264 C.C. Gluer 32 Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Bone 277 Sharmila Majumdar 33 Radionuclide Scintigraphy in Metabolic Bone Disease 283 Gary J.R. Cook, Gopinath Gnanasegaran, and Ignac Fogelman 34 FRAX(R): Assessment of Fracture Risk 289 John A Kanis 35 Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover in Osteoporosis 297 Pawel Szulc, Douglas C. Bauer, and Richard Eastell 36 Bone Biopsy and Histomorphometry in Clinical Practice 307 Robert R. Recker 37 Diagnosis and Classifi cation of Vertebral Fracture 317 James F. Griffi th, Judith E. Adams, and Harry K. Genant 38 Approaches to Genetic Testing 336 Christina Jacobsen, Yiping Shen, and Ingrid A. Holm Section V: Osteoporosis 343 Section Editors Paul D. Miller and Socrates E. Papapoulos 39 Osteoporosis Overview 345 Michael Kleerekoper 40 The Epidemiology of Osteoporotic Fractures 348 Nicholas Harvey, Elaine Dennison, and Cyrus Cooper 41 Overview of Pathogenesis 357 Ian R. Reid 42 Nutrition and Osteoporosis 361 Connie M. Weaver and Robert P. Heaney 43 The Role of Sex Steroids in the Pathogenesis of Osteoporosis 367 Matthew T. Drake and Sundeep Khosla 44 Translational Genetics of Osteoporosis: From Population Association to Individualized Prognosis 376 Bich H. Tran, Jacqueline R. Center, and Tuan V. Nguyen 45 Prevention of Falls 389 Heike A. Bischoff-Ferrari 46 Exercise and the Prevention of Osteoporosis 396 Clinton T. Rubin, Janet Rubin, and Stefan Judex 47 Calcium and Vitamin D 403 Bess Dawson-Hughes 48 Estrogens, Estrogen Agonists/Antagonists, and Calcitonin 408 Nelson B. Watts 49 Bisphosphonates for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis 412 Socrates E. Papapoulos 50 Denosumab 420 Michael R. McClung 51 Parathyroid Hormone Treatment for Osteoporosis 428 Felicia Cosman and Susan L. Greenspan 52 Strontium Ranelate in the Prevention of Osteoporotic Fractures 437 Rene Rizzoli 53 Combination Anabolic and Antiresorptive Therapy for Osteoporosis 444 John P. Bilezikian and Natalie E. Cusano 54 Compliance and Persistence with Osteoporosis Medications 448 Deborah T. Gold 55 Cost-Effectiveness of Osteoporosis Treatment 455 Anna N.A. Tosteson 56 Future Therapies of Osteoporosis 461 Kong Wah Ng and T. John Martin 57 Juvenile Osteoporosis 468 Nick Bishop and Francis H. Glorieux 58 Glucocorticoid-Induced Bone Disease 473 Robert S. Weinstein 59 Inflammation-Induced Bone Loss in the Rheumatic Diseases 482 Steven R. Goldring 60 Secondary Osteoporosis: Other Causes 489 Neveen A.T. Hamdy 61 Transplantation Osteoporosis 495 Peter R. Ebeling 62 Osteoporosis in Men 508 Eric S. Orwoll 63 Premenopausal Osteoporosis 514 Adi Cohen and Elizabeth Shane 64 Skeletal Effects of Drugs 520 Juliet Compston 65 Orthopedic Surgical Principles of Fracture Management 527 Manoj Ramachandran and David G. Little 66 Abnormalities in Bone and Calcium Metabolism After Burns 531 Gordon L. Klein Section VI: Disorders of Mineral Homeostasis 535 Section Editors Marie Demay and Suzanne M. Jan de Beur 67 Approach to Parathyroid Disorders 537 John P. Bilezikian 68 Primary Hyperparathyroidism 543 Shonni J. Silverberg 69 Familial Primary Hyperparathyroidism (Including MEN, FHH, and HPT-JT) 553 Andrew Arnold and Stephen J. Marx 70 Non-Parathyroid Hypercalcemia 562 Mara J. Horwitz, Steven P. Hodak, and Andrew F. Stewart 71 Hypocalcemia: Defi nition, Etiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management 572 Anne L. Schafer and Dolores Shoback 72 Hypoparathyroidism and Pseudohypoparathyroidism 579 Mishaela R. Rubin and Michael A. Levine 73 Pseudohypoparathyroidism 590 Harald Juppner and Murat Bastepe 74 Disorders of Phosphate Homeostasis 601 Mary D. Ruppe and Suzanne M. Jan de Beur 75 Vitamin D--Related Disorders 613 Paul Lips, Natasja M. van Schoor, and Nathalie Bravenboer 76 Vitamin D Insuffi ciency and Defi ciency 624 J. Christopher Gallagher 77 Pathophysiology of Chronic Kidney Disease Mineral Bone Disorder (CKD--MBD) 632 Keith A. Hruska and Michael Seifert 78 Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease Mineral Bone Disorder (CKD--MBD) 640 Hala M. Alshayeb and L. Darryl Quarles 79 Disorders of Mineral Metabolism in Childhood 651 Thomas O. Carpenter 80 Paget's Disease of Bone 659 Ethel S. Siris and G. David Roodman Section VII: Cancer and Bone 669 Section Editor Theresa A. Guise 81 Overview of Mechanisms in Cancer Metastases to Bone 671 Gregory A. Clines 82 Clinical and Preclinical Imaging in Osseous Metastatic Disease 677 Geertje van der Horst and Gabri van der Pluijm 83 Metastatic Solid Tumors to Bone 686 Rachelle W. Johnson and Julie A. Sterling 84 Hematologic Malignancies and Bone 694 Rebecca Silbermann and G. David Roodman 85 Osteogenic Osteosarcoma 702 Jianning Tao, Yangjin Bae, Lisa L. Wang, and Brendan Lee 86 Skeletal Complications of Breast and Prostate Cancer Therapies 711 Catherine Van Poznak and Pamela Taxel 87 Bone Cancer and Pain 720 Patrick W. O'Donnell and Denis R. Clohisy 88 Radiation Therapy-Induced Osteoporosis 728 Jeffrey S. Willey, Shane A.J. Lloyd, and Ted A. Bateman 89 Skeletal Complications of Childhood Cancer 734 Ingrid A. Holm 90 Treatment and Prevention of Bone Metastases and Myeloma Bone Disease 741 Jean-Jacques Body 91 Radiotherapy of Skeletal Metastases 754 Edward Chow, Luluel M. Khan, and Oyvind S. Bruland 92 Concepts and Surgical Treatment of Metastatic Bone Disease 760 Kristy Weber and Scott L. Kominsky Section VIII: Sclerosing and Dysplastic Bone Diseases 767 Section Editor Richard W. Keen 93 Sclerosing Bone Disorders 769 Michael P. Whyte 94 Fibrous Dysplasia 786 Michael T. Collins, Mara Riminucci, and Paolo Bianco 95 Osteochondrodysplasias 794 Yasemin Alanay and David L. Rimoin 96 Ischemic and Infi ltrative Disorders 805 Richard W. Keen 97 Tumoral Calcinosis--Dermatomyositis 810 Nicholas Shaw 98 Fibrodysplasia Ossifi cans Progressiva 815 Frederick S. Kaplan, Robert J. Pignolo, and Eileen M. Shore 99 Osteogenesis Imperfecta 822 Joan C. Marini 100 Skeletal Manifestations in Marfan Syndrome and Related Disorders of the Connective Tissue 830 Emilio Arteaga-Solis and Francesco Ramirez 101 Enzyme Defects and the Skeleton 838 Michael P. Whyte Section IX: Approach to Nephrolithiasis 843 Section Editor Rajesh V. Thakker 102 Renal Tubular Physiology of Calcium Excretion 845 Peter A. Friedman and David A. Bushinsky 103 Epidemiology of Nephrolithiasis 856 Murray J. Favus 104 Diagnosis and Evaluation of Nephrolithiasis 860 Stephen J. Knohl and Steven J. Scheinman 105 Kidney Stones in the Pediatric Patient 869 Amy E. Bobrowski and Craig B. Langman 106 Treatment of Renal Stones 878 John R. Asplin 107 Genetic Basis of Renal Stones 884 Rajesh V. Thakker Section X: Oral and Maxillofacial Biology and Pathology 893 Section Editor Laurie K. McCauley 108 Development of the Craniofacial Skeleton 895 Maiko Matsui and John Klingensmith 109 Development and Structure of Teeth and Periodontal Tissues 904 Petros Papagerakis and Thimios Mitsiadis 110 Craniofacial Disorders Affecting the Dentition: Genetic 914 Yong-Hee P. Chun, Paul H. Krebsbach, and James P. Simmer 111 Pathology of the Hard Tissues of the Jaws 922 Paul C. Edwards 112 Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaws 929 Hani H. Mawardi, Nathaniel S. Treister, and Sook-Bin Woo 113 Periodontal Diseases and Oral Bone Loss 941 Mary G. Lee and Keith L. Kirkwood 114 Oral Manifestations of Metabolic Bone Diseases 948 Roberto Civitelli and Charles Hildebolt Section XI: The Skeleton and Its Integration with Other Tissues 959 Section Editor Mone Zaidi 115 Central Neuronal Control of Bone Remodeling 961 Shu Takeda and Paul Baldock 116 The Pituitary--Bone Connection 969 Mone Zaidi, Tony Yuen, Li Sun, Terry F. Davies, Alberta Zallone, and Harry C. Blair 117 Skeletal Muscle Effects on the Skeleton 978 William J. Evans 118 Glucose Control and Integration by the Skeleton 986 Patricia Ducy and Gerard Karsenty 119 Obesity and Skeletal Mass 993 Sue Shapses and Deeptha Sukumar 120 Neuropsychiatric Disorders and the Skeleton 1002 Itai Bab and Raz Yirmiya 121 Vascular Disease and the Skeleton 1012 Dwight A. Towler 122 Spinal Cord Injury: Skeletal Pathophysiology and Clinical Issues 1018 William A. Bauman and Christopher P. Cardozo 123 Hematopoiesis and Bone 1028 Benjamin J. Frisch and Laura M. Calvi 124 Bone and Immune Cell Interactions 1036 Brendan F. Boyce Index 1043
