紹介
Relating common theoretical models to true-to-life examples from law, ethics, education, and business, the authors stress the importance of argumentation in everyday life as they build reader competence and critical awareness. Critical Thinking and Communication encourages readers to develop skills in both constructing and refuting arguments in a variety of contexts from informal conversations to structured debates. Through exercises and examples, readers learn how to create arguments, developed extended cases, and how to critically understand and interpret them. The Sixth Edition continues to help readers conceptualize argumentation in the larger framework of verbal and written communication, from public speaking and debating to interpersonal, intercultural, and small group communication.
目次
Preface. I. DEVELOPING A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR ARGUMENT. 1. Argument and Critical Thought. Critical Thought. Argumentation and Argument Argument Contexts 2. Co-Orientational View of Argument. Perspectives on Argumentation How Argument Perspectives are Used Arguer-Based Argument Co-Orientational Approach 3. Argument Cultures and Ethics. Culture and Argumentation Ethics and Argumentation Developing an Ethical Code II. THE PARTS OF AN ARGUMENT. 4. Claims and Propositions. Nature of Claims and Propositions. Formulating a Proposition. Classification of Claims. 5. Evidence. Nature of Evidence. Types of Evidence. Evaluating Evidence. Evaluating Statistical Evidence. Presenting Evidence. 6. Reasoning. Role of the Advocate Formal Logic and Practical Reasoning. Reasoning as Inference Making. III.PRESENTING AND CRITICALLY EVALUATING ARGUMENTS. 7. Communicating Arguments. Arguer as Communicator Characteristics of Recipients Communication Strategies, Techniques, and Principles Using Language 8. Argument Analysis and Criticism Benefits of Argument Analysis An Approach for Analysis Understanding Fallacies IV. DEVELOPING AND ARGUING EXTENDED CASES 9. Case Construction and Arguing About Facts. Arguing about Facts, Values, and Policies Relating Facts, Values, and Polices Issue Mapping Principles of Case Construction Principles of Refutation Developing Fact-Based Cases 10. Arguing About Values. Values and Value Systems The Process of Value Change Values and Argumentation Stock Issues for Value Arguments Issues Brief 11. Arguing About Polices. The Future Nature of Policies Policy Systems Stock Issues in Policy Arguments The Issues Brief Alternative Formats for Arguing Policies Alternative Formats for Refuting Policies Appendix: Answers to Selected Exercises. On-Line Appendices. Intercollegiate Debate. Research Strategies.
